Which organism is historically associated with inhalational anthrax due to wool sorting?

• A. Bacillus anthracis
• B. Listeria monocytogenes
• C. Escherichia coli
• D. Clostridium difficile

Answer: (A)

Inhalational anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, and its historic link to wool sorting comes from the spores that contaminate animal products like wool and hides. These spores are extremely hardy and can become airborne when wool is processed, so workers inhaling the dust can take the spores into their lungs. Once inhaled, the spores germinate and release toxins that drive a severe pulmonary illness. This is why the wool-sorter scenario is classically associated with this organism.

The other organisms listed are not linked to inhalational anthrax or to wool sorting. They cause different diseases and have different typical routes of infection—for example, Listeria monocytogenes is usually foodborne; Escherichia coli includes strains with GI or urinary infections; Clostridium difficile causes antibiotic-associated diarrhea.